Heatstroke (Heat Stroke)
Heatstroke is a condition caused by the body overheating, often resulting from heavy physical work, labor, or exercise in high-temperature environments. It typically occurs when the body temperature reaches 40°C (104°F) or higher. Heatstroke commonly happens during hot weather or in places with high humidity. It can damage vital organs such as the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, and muscles. Without prompt and proper treatment, serious complications may occur, potentially leading to disability or death.
Warning Signs of Heatstroke to Watch For
- Body temperature above 40°C (104°F)
- Dry, hot skin; no sweating despite high fever
- Low blood pressure
- Rapid heartbeat, palpitations, fast pulse
- Excessive thirst
- Dizziness, headache, confusion, fainting
- Nausea, vomiting, fatigue
- Seizures, muscle spasms, loss of consciousness
First Aid for Someone Experiencing Heatstroke
- Move the person to a shaded, well-ventilated area to help lower body temperature
- Lay them flat and raise both legs to improve blood flow to the brain
- Remove excess or thick clothing to allow heat to dissipate more quickly
- Apply cold, wet cloths or ice packs to the neck, armpits, groin, and forehead; use a fan to help cool down
- If conscious, encourage frequent sips of water and get medical help immediately
If symptoms do not improve or if the person has serious underlying health conditions, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
How to Prevent Heatstroke
- Avoid outdoor activities or being in very hot environments
- Wear lightweight, loose-fitting, light-colored clothing that breathes well and protects from the sun
- Drink water frequently—at least 6-8 glasses a day—even if not thirsty, to stay hydrated and reduce body heat
- Avoid alcohol, tea, coffee, and sugary drinks
- Never leave children, elderly people, or pets inside parked cars in the sun
- Children, elderly, and those with chronic illnesses should avoid hot places and not be left alone
- Exercise in well-ventilated areas during cooler parts of the day, such as morning or evening; warm up properly beforehand
- Use sunglasses, wide-brim hats, and umbrellas to protect yourself from sunlight outdoors
- If you have chronic health conditions and experience abnormal symptoms, seek medical advice immediately
