Seborrheic Dermatitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

What Causes Seborrheic Dermatitis?

The exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis is unknown, but several contributing factors have been identified:

 

• Abnormal immune system response
• Excess yeast (Malassezia) on the skin leading to inflammation
• Hormonal changes, especially increased androgens
• Nervous system disorders increasing sebum production
• Stress and insufficient rest
• Underlying physical illness or weakened immune system
• Weather changes, such as cold/dry or extreme heat
• Exposure to irritants, dust, and pollution
• Genetic factors or family history of allergic conditions

 

What Are the Symptoms of Seborrheic Dermatitis?

 

• Red, itchy, flaky rashes with white or yellowish scales, often with undefined borders
• Commonly affects areas rich in sebaceous glands, such as scalp, face (especially eyebrows and sides of the nose), behind the ears, chest, and upper back
• Symptoms may come and go, worsening with stress or weather changes
• May cause hair loss in affected areas

 

How Is Seborrheic Dermatitis Treated?

Seborrheic dermatitis cannot be permanently cured. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing flare-ups or spreading.

 

1. Topical treatments: Medicated creams or shampoos containing selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, coal tar, ketoconazole, or mild topical steroids
2. Oral medications: For severe or unresponsive cases, doctors may prescribe antifungals or oral steroids, which must be used strictly under medical supervision

 

Self-Care Tips for People with Seborrheic Dermatitis

• Avoid triggers like stress
• Exercise regularly
• Get adequate rest
• Avoid scratching the rash to prevent irritation or infection
• Use gentle skincare products that are pH balanced and alcohol-free
• Keep skin and scalp clean; avoid applying cosmetics on affected areas to prevent pore blockage